Cisplatin (CDDP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that produces nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative/nitrosative stress. alpha-Mangostin (alpha-M) is a xanthone extracted from mangosteen with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the renoprotective effect of alpha-M on the CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. alpha-M was administered (12.5 mg/kg/day, i.g.) for 10 days (7 days before and 3 days after CDDP injection). On day 7, rats were treated with a single injection of CDDP (7.5 mg/Kg, i.p.); 3 days after the rats were killed. alpha-M attenuated renal dysfunction, structural damage, oxidative/nitrosative stress, decrease in catalase expression and increase in mRNA levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta. In conclusion the renoprotective effect of alpha-M on CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity was associated with the attenuation in oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammatory and fibrotic markers and preservation of catalase activity.